Neural tube defect: Etiology and prophylaxis

Abstract

Neural tube defects are the second most frequently encountered serious fetal malformation, surpassed only by congenital cardiac defects. Spine bifida has the third highest incidence of congenital anomalies. Folic acid supplementation has been shown to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. It is recommended that all women of reproductive age ingest folic acid 0.4 mg daily and women with a previously affected child 4 mg daily 3 months prior to conception and continuing through the first trimester